Open enrollment for 2023 ACA coverage: what to expect

Key takeaways

The tenth annual open enrollment for ACA-compliant individual/family health coverage is just around the corner. It starts November 1, and will continue through January 15 in most states.

Millions of Americans will enroll or renew their coverage for 2023 during open enrollment. Some have been buying their own health insurance for years, while others are fairly new to the process. And some are currently uninsured or have been covered by plans that aren’t ACA-compliant – such asa  healthcare sharing ministry plan or short-term health insurance.

This article will give you an overview of what to expect during the open enrollment period. For even more information about open enrollment, check out our comprehensive guide to open enrollment.

ACA open enrollment will look mostly familiar this fall

In general, this year’s open enrollment period will be fairly similar to last year’s, but with some changes that we’ll address in more detail below:

  • Each state will continue to use the same exchange/marketplace platform it used last fall (HealthCare.gov in 33 states, and a state-run platform in DC and the other 17 states). And most states will continue to use the same enrollment schedule they used last year.
  • The Inflation Reduction Act has extended the American Rescue Plan’s subsidy enhancements through 2025, so the subsidy rules that were in effect for 2022 will continue to be in effect for 2023. (There’s no “subsidy cliff” and the percentage of income that you have to pay for the benchmark plan is lower than it used to be.)
  • Because the subsidy enhancements have been extended, the record-high enrollment we saw this year is likely to continue, and the improved affordability that the American Rescue Plan created will also continue. But that doesn’t mean your premium will stay the same — more on this below.
  • Brokers and Navigators will continue to provide assistance with enrollment. And Navigator funding is higher than ever before, in an effort to increase outreach and enrollment assistance.
  • The insurers offering health plans through the exchanges (and outside the exchanges) will generally be the same insurers that offered plans for 2022. But there are several insurers joining the exchange or expanding their coverage area for 2023, and some insurers that are shrinking their coverage areas.
  • The IRS has proposed a fix for the “family glitch” which will make some families newly eligible for premium subsidies in the marketplace.

Open enrollment dates and deadlines for 2023 plans

By now, most people are accustomed to the fact that individual/family health coverage is no longer available for purchase year-round, and instead uses open enrollment and special enrollment periods, similar to those used for employer-sponsored plans. The same open enrollment schedules apply to plans purchased through the exchange/marketplace and to plans purchased from insurance companies through private channels (ie, “off-exchange”).

Open enrollment begins November 1, and in nearly every state, it will continue through at least January 15. (Note that Idaho is an exception: Open enrollment in Idaho starts and ends earlier, running from October 15 to December 15. Idaho is the only state where open enrollment for 2023 coverage will end before the start of the year.)

So in most states, the enrollment schedule will follow the same timeframe that was used last year. And in most states, you’ll need to enroll by December 15 in order to have your coverage take effect on January 1. Enrolling after December 15 will generally result in a February 1 effective date.

One caveat to keep in mind: If your current health plan is terminating at the end of 2022 and not available for renewal, you can select a new plan as late as December 31 and still have it take effect January 1.

Although open enrollment continues through at least mid-January in most states, it’s generally in your best interest to finalize your plan selection in time to have the coverage in force on January 1. We’ve explained this in much more detail here.

In most states, that means you’ll need to enroll or make a plan change by December 15. In terms of the effective date of your coverage, there’s no difference between enrolling on November 1 versus December 15. But waiting until the last minute might feel a bit more stressful, and you might have trouble finding an enrollment assister who can help you at that point. You don’t need to be the first person in line, but it’s good to give yourself a bit of wiggle room in case you run into glitches with the enrollment process or find that you’d like assistance with some or all of it.

Rest assured, however, that open enrollment continues until at least mid-January in most states. So if there’s no way for you to get signed up in the earlier part of the enrollment window, you can most likely complete the process after the start of the year and have coverage in effect as of February.

Insurers entering and leaving individual and family markets

As is always the case, there will be some fluctuation in terms of which insurers offer individual/family health coverage for 2023. For the last several years, the general trend has been toward increased insurer participation in the exchanges. Here’s more about what we saw in 2020, 2021, and 2022.)

That trend is continuing in 2023, with new insurers joining (or rejoining) the exchanges in many states. But there are also some insurer exits that existing enrollees need to be aware of.

Several insurers are joining exchanges in the following states for 2023:

But there are also some insurers exiting the marketplaces in several states, including:

And even in states where the participating 2023 insurers will be the same ones that offered coverage in 2022, there may be service area changes in some states. This could result in an insurer’s plans becoming newly available in some areas, or no longer available in some areas.

Last year, we detailed the things that people need to keep in mind if a new insurer is joining the exchange. All of those points are still applicable for people in areas where new insurers will offer plans in 2023.

The main takeaway point is that it’s important to actively compare your available plan options, as opposed to just letting your existing plan auto-renew. One of the new plans (or another existing plan) might end up being a better fit for your needs. But it’s also possible that the benchmark plan’s pricing could change significantly, affecting the amount of your subsidy. If the price of your current plan shoots up, a comparable plan will likely be available for about what you paid this year (if your income and family size haven’t changed).

It’s also worth keeping in mind that the insurer’s estimate of what you’re likely to pay in the coming year, provided in a letter this fall, may be inaccurate – again, because of a shift in its pricing relationship to this year’s benchmark plan. You’ll get a separate letter from the exchange with details about your subsidy amount for 2023 and the amount you’ll pay if you let your current plan renew. But it’s also essential to log onto the exchange, update your information, and learn what your current plan and alternative plans will cost in 2023.

The ‘family glitch’ fix will help some buyers

Ever since ACA-compliant plans debuted in the fall of 2013, people have been ineligible for subsidies if they’re eligible for an employer-sponsored health plan that’s considered affordable. And the affordability determination has always been based on the cost of employee-only coverage, without taking into account the cost to add family members to the plan. But if the employer-sponsored plan was deemed affordable, the entire family was ineligible for subsidies in the marketplace, as long as they were eligible to be added to the employer’s plan. This is known as the “family glitch,” and it has put affordable health coverage out of reach for millions of Americans over the years.

Earlier this year, the IRS proposed a long-awaited fix for the family glitch, which is expected to be in place by the time open enrollment gets underway. Under the proposed rule change, the marketplace will do two separate affordability determinations when a family has access to an employer’s plan: one for the employee, and one for total family coverage. If the employee’s coverage is considered affordable but the family’s is not, the rest of the family will potentially be eligible for subsidies in the marketplace.

Some families will still find that they prefer to use the employer’s plan, despite the cost. But some will find that it’s beneficial to put some or all of the family members on a marketplace plan, even while the employee continues to have employer-sponsored coverage.

The main point to keep in mind here is that it’s important to double check your marketplace options this fall – even if you looked in the past and weren’t eligible for subsidies due to an offer of employer-sponsored coverage.

How are ACA premiums changing for 2023?

The only way to know for sure what your 2023 premium will be is to watch for correspondence from your insurer and exchange. They will notify you this fall about changes to your plan for 2023, including the new premium (and subsidy amount if you’re subsidy-eligible; most people are).

There’s a lot of variation from one plan to another in terms of pricing changes, and your net (after-subsidy) premium will also depend on how much your subsidy changes for 2023. But here’s a general overview of what to keep in mind:

  • Across most of the states, the preliminary average rate change for 2023 amounts to a 7.7% increase, according to ACA Signups. Final rates aren’t yet available in many states, but we’re generally seeing final rates that tend to be a bit lower than the insurers proposed. (This is partly due to the Inflation Reduction Act — which was enacted after insurers filed their rates and which will result in slightly smaller-than-proposed rate increases for some plans — and partly due to state regulators’ actions to reduce rates during the review process).
  • That’s a little larger than the overall average rate increases we’ve seen for the last few years (3.5% for 2022, less than 1% for 2021, and a slight decrease for 2020). But an overall average rate change only gives us a big picture; it doesn’t tell you how much your own plan’s premium will change or how much your net premium will change, and it also doesn’t account for the new plans that will be offered for 2023.
  • If the benchmark (second-lowest-cost Silver plan) premium in your area goes up, subsidy amounts will also go up. Conversely, if the benchmark premium goes down, subsidy amounts will also go down. This is independent of what your own plan’s price does. It can be possible, for example, for your plan’s premium to go up while the benchmark premium goes down (perhaps because a new insurer takes over the benchmark spot), resulting in a more significant increase in the actual amount you pay each month. This is why it’s so important to pay close attention to the information you receive from your insurer and the exchange, and to carefully consider all of your options during open enrollment.

As open enrollment draws closer, we’ll continue to update our open enrollment guide and our overview of each state’s marketplace.

You can start doing your plan shopping research now

If you already have marketplace coverage, keep an eye out for correspondence from the marketplace and your insurer. If you currently have off-exchange coverage, be sure to check your eligibility for subsidies in the marketplace; you might find that you can get a much better value by switching to a plan offered through the marketplace.

And if you’re currently uninsured or enrolled in non-ACA-compliant coverage, you’ll definitely want to look at the plan options that are available to you during open enrollment, and check your eligibility for subsidies. You might be surprised to see how affordable your coverage can be. The average enrollee is paying $133/month this year, and more than a quarter of enrollees are paying less than $10/month. Although specific plan prices change from one year to the next, this same overall level of affordability will continue in 2023.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

ACA sign-ups hit all-time high – with a month of open enrollment remaining

Key takeaways

The Biden administration announced last week that enrollment in ACA marketplace plans had reached an all-time high of 13.6 million* as of December 15, with a month still to go in the open enrollment period (OEP) for 2022 in most states.

That’s an increase of about 2 million (17%) over enrollment as of the same date last year, according to Charles Gaba’s estimate, and well above the previous high of 12.7 million recorded as of the end of open enrollment for 2016, which lasted until January 31 in most states. When OEP ends this coming January, enrollment in marketplace plans will exceed 14 million.

92% of marketplace enrollees in HealthCare.gov states received health insurance subsidies

In the 33 states using the federal exchange, HealthCare.gov (for which the federal government provides more detailed statistics than in the 18 state-based exchanges), almost all enrollees (92%) received premium tax credits (subsidies) to help pay for coverage – including 400,000 who would not have qualified for subsidies prior to passage in March of this year of the American Rescue Plan (ARP). That bill not only increased premium subsidies at every income level through 2022, but also removed the previous income cap on subsidies, which was 400% of the federal poverty level (FPL) ($51,520 per year for an individual and $106,000 for a family of four). In 2022, no enrollee who lacks access to other affordable insurance pays more than 8.5% of income for a benchmark Silver plan (the second cheapest Silver plan in each area), and most pay far less.

The enrollment increase is tribute to the huge boost in affordability created by the ARP subsidies. A benchmark Silver plan with strong Cost Sharing Reduction (CSR, attached to Silver plans for low-income enrollees) is now free at incomes up to 150%FPL ($19,320 for an individual, $39,750 for a family of four in 2022) and costs no more than 2% of income ($43/month for an individual) at incomes up to 200% FPL. The percentage of income required for the benchmark Silver plan  was reduced at higher incomes as well.  The ARP also provided free high-CSR Silver coverage to anyone who received any unemployment insurance income in 2021.

The American Rescue Plan boosted enrollment throughout 2021 and into 2022

The enrollment gains during OEP build on the enrollment surge triggered by the emergency special enrollment period (SEP) opened by the Biden administration on February 15 of this year, which ran through August 15 in the 33 states using HealthCare.gov, and for varying periods in the 15 states that ran their own exchanges in 2021. (There are now 18 state-based exchanges, as Kentucky, Maine and New Mexico launched new ones for 2022.)

The ARP subsidies came online in April (or May in a few state marketplaces). From February to August, 2.8 million people enrolled during the SEP, and total enrollment increased by 900,000 on net from February to August (as people also disenrolled every month, and many enrollees doubtless regained employer-sponsored coverage during a period of rapid job growth).

In addition, once the ARP subsidy increases went into effect, 8 million existing enrollees saw their premiums reduced by an average of 50%, from $134 to $67 per month. Enrollees’ premiums in 2022 should be similar to those of the SEP.

Enrollment growth was concentrated in states that have not expanded Medicaid

Enrollment increases during open enrollment – as during the SEP and the OEP for 2021 – were heavily concentrated in states that have not enacted the ACA expansion of Medicaid eligibility. There were 14 such states during most of the SEP and 12 during the (still current) OEP, as Oklahoma belatedly enacted the Medicaid expansion starting in July of this year, and Missouri in October.

In non-expansion states, eligibility for ACA premium subsidies begins at 100% FPL, while in states that have enacted the expansion, marketplace subsidy eligibility begins at 138% FPL, and Medicaid is available below that threshold. In non-expansion states, the marketplace is the only route to coverage for most low-income adults, and those who report incomes below 100% FPL mostly get no help at all – they are in the notorious coverage gap. In those states, about 40% of marketplace enrollees have incomes below 138% FPL – that is, they would be enrolled in Medicaid if their states enacted the expansion.

During OEP, these 12 non-expansion states account for 81% of the enrollment gains in the 33 HealthCare.gov states, and about two-thirds of enrollment gains in all states. The table below also shows gains over a two-year period, encompassing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Total plan selections in non-expansion states**
Dec. 15 open enrollment snapshots 2020-2022
State 2020 2021 2022 Increase 2021-2022 % increase 2021-2022 Increase 2020-2022 % increase 2020-2022
Alabama 159,820 168,399 205,407 37,008 22.0% 45,587 28.5%
Florida 1,912,394 2,115,424 2,592,906 477,482 22.6% 680,512 35.6%
Georgia 464,041 541,641 653,999 139,358 27.1% 189,958 40.9%
Kansas 85,880 88,497 102,573 14,076 15.9% 16,693 19.4%
Mississippi 98,868 110,519 132,432 21,913 19.8% 33,564 33.9%
North Carolina 505,159 536,270 638,309 102,039 19.0% 133,150 26.4%
South Carolina 215,331 230,033 282,882 52,849 23.0% 67,551 31.4%
South Dakota 29,330 31,283 39,292 8,009 25.6% 9,962 34.0%
Tennessee 200,723 211,474 257,778 46,304 21.9% 57,055 28.4%
Texas 1,117,882 1,284,524 1,711,204 426,680 33.2% 593,322 53.1%
Wisconsin 196,594 192,183 205,991 13,808 7.2% 9,397 4.8%
Wyoming 24,665 26,684 33,035 6,351 23.8% 8,370 33.9%
Non-expansion states 5,010,687 5,509,931 6,855,808 1,345,877 24.4% 1,845,121 36.8%
All HC.gov states 7,533,936 8,053,842 9,724,251 1,670,409 20.7% 2,190,315 29.1%

In the 39 states that have enacted the ACA Medicaid expansion (21 on HealthCare.gov and 18 running their own exchanges), far fewer enrollees are eligible for free Silver coverage. In expansion states, eligibility for marketplace subsidies begins at an income of 138% FPL, as people below that threshold are eligible for Medicaid. Nevertheless, enrollment growth in non-expansion states during the current OEP is substantial, increasing by about 755,000 year-over-year, or 13%.

The marketplace has been a pandemic ‘safety net’

The marketplace has been a bulwark against uninsurance during the pandemic, among low-income people especially and in the non-expansion states in particular. As shown in the chart above, enrollment in these 11 states increased by 1.8 million from Dec. 15, 2019 to Dec. 15, 2021 – a 37% increase. For all states, the two-year increase is in the neighborhood of 25% and will approach 3 million (from 11.4 million in OEP for 2020 to above 14 million when OEP for 2022 ends in January). That’s in addition to an increase of more than 12 million in Medicaid enrollment during the pandemic.

While millions of Americans lost jobs when the pandemic struck, and millions fewer are employed today than in February 2020, the uninsured rate did not increase during 2020, according to government surveys, and may even prove to have downticked during 2021 or 2022 when the data comes in.

While the government has not yet published detailed statistics as to who has enrolled during the current OEP, they did do so in the final enrollment report for the emergency SEP. During the emergency SEP, out of 2.8 million new enrollees, 2.1 million were in the 33 HealthCare.gov states. In those states, 41% of enrollees obtained Silver plans with the highest level of CSR, which means that they had incomes under 150% FPL (or received unemployment income) and so received free coverage in plans with an actuarial value of 94% – far above the norm for employer-sponsored plans.

The median deductible obtained in HealthCare.gov states was $50, which makes sense, as 54% of enrollees obtained Silver plans with strong CSR, raising the plan’s actuarial value to either 94% (at incomes up to 150% FPL) or to 87% (at incomes between 150% and 200% FPL). Two-thirds of enrollees in HealthCare.gov states paid less than $50 per month for coverage, and 37% obtained coverage for free.

At higher incomes, as noted above, 400,000 enrollees who received subsidies in HealthCare.gov states would not have been subsidy-eligible before the ARP lifted the income cap on subsidies (previously 400% FPL). The same is also doubtless true for several hundred thousand enrollees in state-based marketplaces. The SBEs account for a bit less than a third of all enrollment, but in those states, all of which have expanded Medicaid, the percentage of enrollees with income over 400% FPL is almost twice that of the HealthCare.gov states (12% versus 7% during the emergency SEP).

ARP: a patch for the coverage gap?

The strong enrollment growth in non-expansion states – an increase of 37% in two years – indicates that during the pandemic, some low-income people in those states found their way out of the coverage gap (caused by the lack of government help available to most adults with incomes below 100% FPL).  In March 2020, the CARES Act (H.R.748) provided supplementary uninsurance income of $600 per week for up to four months to a wide range of people who had lost income during the pandemic, likely pushing many incomes over 100% FPL. In 2021, anyone who received any unemployment income qualified for free Silver coverage, and during the emergency SEP, 84,000 new enrollees took advantage of this provision (along with 124,000 existing enrollees). That emergency provision is not in effect in 2022, however.

Marketplace subsidies are based on an estimate of future income. For low-income people in particular, who are often paid by the hour, work uncertain schedules, depend on tips, or are self-employed, income can be difficult to project. The desire to be insured during the pandemic may have spurred some applicants to make sure their estimates cleared the 100% FPL threshold. (Enrollment assisters and brokers can help applicants deploy every resource to meet this goal.)

For OEP 2022, the Biden administration raised funding for nonprofit enrollment assistance in HealthCare.gov states to record levels, enough to train and certify more than 1,500 enrollment navigators. This past spring, in compliance with a court order, the exchanges stopped requiring low-income applicants who estimated income  over 100% FPL to provide documentation if the government’s “trusted sources” of information indicated an  income below the threshold.

Comparatively weak enrollment growth in Wisconsin may support the hypothesis that under pressure of the pandemic, some enrollees in other non-expansion states are climbing out of the coverage gap. Alone among non-expansion states, Wisconsin has no coverage gap, as the state provides Medicaid to adults with incomes up to 100% FPL (rather than up to the 138% FPL threshold required by the ACA Medicaid expansion, which offers enhanced federal funding to participating states). In Wisconsin, those whose income falls below the 100% FPL marketplace eligibility threshold have access to free coverage. Wisconsin is the only non-expansion state that did not experience double-digit enrollment growth in OEP 2022 or from 2020-2022.

The future of increased subsidies is unclear

The American Rescue Plan was conceived as emergency pandemic relief, and its increased subsidies run only through 2022. President Biden’s Build Back Better bill, which passed in the House of Representatives but is currently stalled in the Senate, would extend the ARP subsidies through 2025 or possibly further.

The large increase in enrollment this year should add pressure on Congress to extend the improved subsidies into future years. Consumer response to the increased subsidies has proved immediate and dramatic. The ARP subsidy boosts brought the Affordable Care Act much closer than previously to living up to the promise of “affordable” care expressed in its name. Going backwards on that promise should not be seen as a politically viable or ethical path.

* * *

* Another million people are enrolled in Basic Health Programs established under the ACA by Minnesota and New York – low-cost, Medicaid-like programs for state residents with incomes under 200% FPL. Enrollment in these programs is on track to increase by 13% this year, according to Charles Gaba’s estimate.

** HealthCare.gov all-state totals are for the 33 states using the federal exchange this year. Source: Charles Gaba, OE snapshots as of mid-December, 2021-22, 2020-2021; see also CMS end-of-OEP snapshots for 2020, 2021, 2022

 

 

Andrew Sprung is a freelance writer who blogs about politics and healthcare policy at xpostfactoid. His articles about the Affordable Care Act have appeared in publications including The American Prospect, Health Affairs, The Atlantic, and The New Republic. He is the winner of the National Institute of Health Care Management’s 2016 Digital Media Award. He holds a Ph.D. in English literature from the University of Rochester.

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Four reasons to not wait until January to enroll in an ACA health plan

Reasons to enroll in an ACA health plan by December 15?

  1. If you’re currently uninsured, delaying your enrollment will mean no coverage in January.
  2. If you’re uninsured or enrolled in a non-marketplace plan, delayed enrollment might mean missing out on free money.
  3. If you’re auto-renewing your 2021 plan, you could by surprised on January 1.
  4. Out-of-pocket expenses under your 2021 plans won’t transfer in February and March.

Open enrollment for 2022 individual/family health coverage began on November 1. The enrollment window is longer this year, continuing until at least January 15 in nearly every state. (For now, Idaho still plans to end the open enrollment period on December 15.)

The longer open enrollment period does give people some extra wiggle room during the busy holiday season. But for most people, December 15 is still the soft deadline you’re going to want to keep in mind. In most states, that’s the last day you can enroll in coverage that will take effect January 1.

Which states have open enrollment dates past December 15 – but still have January 1 effective dates?

There are some exceptions, however. The following state-run exchanges are giving people extra time to sign up for a plan that takes effect January 1:

But in the rest of the country, you need to enroll by December 15 to have your plan start on January 1. And that’s important for several reasons.

1. Currently uninsured? Delaying your enrollment will mean no coverage in January.

If you’re not already enrolled in ACA-compliant coverage in 2021, the current open enrollment period is your chance to change that for 2022.

But if you wait until the last minute to enroll, you won’t have coverage in place when the new year begins. Instead, you’ll be waiting until February 1 — or March 1 – if you enroll at the last minute in a few states with longer enrollment windows.

2. Currently uninsured or enrolled in a non-marketplace plan? Delayed enrollment might mean missing out on free money.

If you considered marketplace coverage in the past and found it to be unaffordable, you might currently be uninsured or enrolled in a plan that isn’t regulated by the ACA. Or you might have opted to buy ACA-compliant coverage outside the exchange, if you weren’t eligible for premium tax credits (subsidies) the last time you looked.

But thanks to the American Rescue Plan, many people who weren’t eligible for subsidies in previous years will find that they are now. Those subsidies are only available if you’re enrolled in a marketplace/exchange plan, and the current open enrollment period is your chance to make the switch to a marketplace plan.

In addition to being more widely available, premium subsidies are also larger than they were last fall. People who didn’t enroll last year due to the cost may find that coverage now fits in their budget.

Four out of five people shopping for coverage in the 33 states that use the federally-run marketplace (HealthCare.gov) will find that they can get coverage for $10/month or less. And millions of uninsured Americans are eligible for premium-free coverage in the marketplace, but may not realize this.

Waiting until the last minute to enroll in coverage will mean that you leave all that money on the table for January. You can use our subsidy calculator to get an idea of how much your subsidy will be for 2022. Then, make sure you enroll by December 15 so that you’re eligible to claim the subsidy for all 12 months of the year.

3. Letting your plan auto-renew? You might be in for a surprise.

If you already have coverage through the marketplace in 2021 and are planning to just let it auto-renew for 2021, you might wake up on January 1 with coverage and a premium that aren’t what you expected.

Even if you’re 100% happy with the plan you have now, you owe it to yourself to spend at least a little time checking out the available options before December 15. The premium that your insurer charges is likely changing for 2022. And your subsidy amount might also be changing, especially if there are new insurers joining the marketplace in your area.

Your insurer might also be making changes to your benefits, provider network, or covered drug list — or even discontinuing the plan altogether and replacing it with a new one. In short, the plan and price you have on January 1 might be quite different from what you have now.

This is part of the reason HHS opted to extend the open enrollment period – in order to give people a chance for a “do-over” if their auto-renewed plan isn’t what they expected. In nearly every state, you’ll have until at least January 15 to pick a new plan. But that plan selection won’t be retroactive to January 1.

4. Out-of-pocket expenses won’t transfer in February or March.

What if you’re enrolled in a marketplace plan in 2021, let it auto-renew for 2022, and then decide after December 15 that you’d rather have a different plan? Thanks to the extended open enrollment period, you can do that, and your new plan will take effect in February (or potentially March, if you’re in one of the state-run exchanges with the latest enrollment deadlines).

But it’s important to understand that you’ll be starting over with a new plan in February or March. This means the out-of-pocket costs counted against your deductible and out-of-pocket maximum will reset to $0, even if you ended up with out-of-pocket expenses in January.

Out-of-pocket expenses reset to $0 on January 1 for all marketplace plans, so your auto-renewed policy will start over with a new deductible at that point. But if you need medical care in January (and have associated out-of-pocket costs) before your new plan takes effect in February, you’ll potentially have a higher out-of-pocket exposure for the whole year than you would have if you’d picked your new plan by December 15 and had it start January 1.

All of this is a reminder that while most enrollees have until at least mid-January to sign up for 2022 coverage, it’s in your best interest to get your plan selection sorted out by December 15.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

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Congress boosted ACA subsidies. An enrollment surge followed.

The American Rescue Plan, signed into law by President Biden on March 11 of this year, included major boosts to the affordability of health plans sold in the ACA marketplace for people of all incomes.

Effective through 2022 and likely to be made permanent by pending legislation, the ARP improvements to affordability were as follows:

  • A benchmark Silver plan (the second least expensive Silver plan) with strong cost sharing reduction (CSR) subsidies became free to enrollees with household income up to 150% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL) and costs no more than 2% of income for enrollees with income up to 200% FPL. That’s a maximum of $43 per month for a single person with an income of $25,520.
  • The previous income cap on subsidy eligibility was removed, so that no one who lacks access to affordable coverage elsewhere (i.e., from an employer) has to pay more than 8.5% of income for a benchmark Silver plan (less at lower incomes). The eliminated cap was 400% FPL ($51,040 for an individual, $104,880 for a family of four), and some households with income well above that level now qualify for subsidies.
  • The percentage of income required to buy a benchmark Silver plan was reduced at all income levels.
  • Anyone who received any unemployment insurance income during 2021 was eligible for free high-CSR Silver coverage. (Note that the pending legislation calls for this subsidy enhancement to be extended by several years, but not necessarily made permanent.)
open enrollment 2021

Our 2022 Open Enrollment Guide: Everything you need to know to enroll in an affordable individual-market health plan.

Preceding and then coinciding with these major subsidy boosts, the Biden administration had opened an emergency Special Enrollment Period (SEP) running from February 15 through August 15 in the 36 states that use the federal ACA exchange, HealthCare.gov.

The SEP, implemented to help Americans get covered during the pandemic, functioned like a second open enrollment period: anyone who lacked access to affordable coverage from other sources (e.g., employers) could enroll in a marketplace plan. The 15 state-based exchanges also opened emergency SEPs, with somewhat different durations and conditions, summarized here.

ARP prompted an enrollment surge during the 2021 SEP

The enhanced subsidies were posted on HealthCare.gov on April 1, and in the state-run exchanges within a few weeks of that date. Existing enrollees were encouraged to update their information and get the new subsidies credited, and were allowed to switch plans if they chose.

Americans responded with a major surge in new enrollment and enrollment upgrades. From February 15 through August 15:

  • More than 2.8 million people enrolled in new health coverage. Of new enrollees, 91% qualified for premium subsidies.
  • Of new enrollees, 44% obtained coverage for less than $10 per month. Most of these enrollees (41% in HealthCare.gov states) received free coverage with the highest level of CSR. As a result, the median deductible fell from $750 in 2020 to $50 this year – meaning that half of enrollees obtained a plan with a deductible at or below that level (most of them in high-CSR Silver plans).
  • The average premium paid by new consumers during the SEP (Feb. 15 – Aug. 15) fell 30%, from $117 in 2020 to $81 in 2021.
  • Marketplace enrollment in August 2021, at 12.2 million, was 15% higher than in August 2020, the previous August high, and 22% above the pre-pandemic August high (see p. 14 here) recorded in 2016.
  • More than 200,000 new and existing enrollees qualified for free high-CSR Silver plans because they had received unemployment insurance income in 2021.

Savings were also dramatic for existing marketplace enrollees:

  • 8 million existing enrollees reduced the premiums on their existing plans or obtained new plans after ARP implementation.
  • Existing enrollees reduced their premiums by 50%, or by $67 per month, on average.

My premium went down how much?

To get a sense of the extent to which the ARP reduced enrollee costs (or encouraged people who might previously have considered coverage too expensive to enroll), consider these examples:

  • In November 2020, a 40-year-old in Miami with an income of $24,000 per year would have paid $115 per month for the least expensive available Silver plan, with a $1,500 deductible, and $119 per month for the second-cheapest Silver plan, with a $0 deductible. Thanks to the ARP, those plans would now cost this person $26 and $30 per month, respectively.
  • In November 2020, a pair of 60-year-olds in Dallas, Texas with an income of $70,000 – slightly over the income cap for premium subsidies, which the ARP eliminated – would have had to pay $1,669 per month for the lowest cost Gold plan, with a $2,300 deductible (Gold plans are cheaper than Silver Plans in Dallas), or $1,228 for the lowest cost Bronze plan, with an $8,550 deductible.
    Now, this couple can choose to pay $393 per month for the Gold plan (which includes free doctor visits and generic drug prescriptions, neither subject to the deductible), or consider two free Bronze plans with deductibles over $8,000, a $2/month Bronze plan with a $6,100 deductible, and other options. A BlueCross Silver plan available for $420 per month might also be in the mix, if, say, the provider network is preferable.

Which states saw the biggest gains in new enrollees?

The new enrollment surge – and the savings – was particularly strong in twelve states that had not enacted the ACA Medicaid expansion as of June 2021. Due to their failure to expand Medicaid, these states have a “coverage gap” for people who earn too little to qualify for marketplace coverage (less than 100% FPL, or $12,760 for an individual in 2021) but mostly also don’t qualify for Medicaid because of their states’ restrictive Medicaid eligibility. (That excludes Wisconsin, which has not enacted the ACA expansion but grants Medicaid eligibility to adults with income up to 100% FPL. Oklahoma, which expanded Medicaid beginning in July 2021, and Missouri, which will begin covering new Medicaid expansion enrollees in October, are included.)

These twelve states – Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas and Wyoming – accounted for 1.55 million new enrollees during the SEP, or 55% of all new enrollees nationally.

In the non-expansion states, eligibility for marketplace subsidies begins at 100% FPL, as opposed to 138% FPL in Medicaid expansion states, where adults below that threshold qualify for Medicaid. Accordingly, in these states, about half of enrollees qualified for free high-CSR coverage, reporting incomes between 100% and 150% FPL. In these states, enrollment as of August 2021 (6.0 million) was 44% above enrollment in August 2019, the last pre-pandemic year (4.2 million).

More than 2 million people in non-expansion states are estimated to be stuck in the coverage gap – ineligible both for Medicaid and for ACA premium subsidies. For people in these states, reporting an income just below or just above 100% FPL ($12,760 for an individual, $26,200 for a family of four) is the difference between receiving no help at all and having access to free Silver coverage with high CSR and low out-of-pocket costs.

It’s important to keep in mind that the application for marketplace coverage requires an income estimate – and many people, unaware of the minimum income requirement, underestimate their potential income. For tips on how to make sure you leave no stone unturned in seeking help paying for coverage, see this post.

What do these numbers mean for 2022 open enrollment?

As open enrollment for 2022 approaches (it begins on November 1), the subsidies enhanced by the ARP remain in place for 2022. As Congress hashes out new investments for coming years in a pending budget bill, the pressure is intense to keep this good thing going in future years.

As of now, with the sad exception of those stuck in the coverage gap in states that still refuse to enact the ACA Medicaid expansion, any citizen or legally present noncitizen who lacks access to other forms of affordable coverage should be able to find it in the marketplace. If you need coverage, make sure to check out your options on HealthCare.gov or your state exchange.

The word that ACA marketplace plans are more affordable than ever has not yet reached many of the people who need coverage and qualify for premium subsidies. The Kaiser Family Foundation estimated in May that nearly 11 million uninsured people were subsidy-eligible. ACA enrollment assisters consistently report that many people who are eligible for coverage have no idea what’s on offer.

The Biden administration is trying to change that: after years of radical cuts in federal funds for enrollment assistance, the administration this year has allocated a record $80 million to fund nonprofit enrollment “navigator” groups charged with outreach as well as enrollment assistance. The Urban Institute forecast that if the ARP subsidies are made permanent – solidifying the perception that truly affordable coverage is here to stay — enrollment would increase by more than 5 million in 2022.

The emergency SEP provided a jump start, boosting coverage as of August more than 1.5 million above the August 2020 level. In a fraught and complex legislative session, Congress will most likely – though not certainly – do its part and extend the subsidies beyond 2022. There is certainly room for enrollment to run higher in the open enrollment season that begins on November 1.

Andrew Sprung is a freelance writer who blogs about politics and healthcare policy at xpostfactoid. His articles about the Affordable Care Act have appeared in publications including The American Prospect, Health Affairs, The Atlantic, and The New Republic. He is the winner of the National Institute of Health Care Management’s 2016 Digital Media Award. He holds a Ph.D. in English literature from the University of Rochester.

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The COVID SEP ended in most states. The ARP is still making premiums more affordable.

Although August 15 marked the end of a one-time COVID-related special enrollment period (SEP) for marketplace health insurance in most states, the enhanced subsidies that enticed millions of consumers are still available for many individual-market buyers (as noted below, the SEP is ongoing in some states).

The American Rescue Plan’s enhancements to the Affordable Care Act’s health insurance subsidies will continue long after the end of the COVID SEP. That means that when you do have an opportunity to buy coverage again – either through open enrollment or due to a personal qualifying life event – you’ll likely find individual health insurance much less expensive than you might have expected.

The ARP’s affordability provisions are still helping with premiums

As we’ve noted over the past few months, the American Rescue Plan included numerous provisions that make ACA-compliant plans more affordable than ever. The additional health insurance subsidy enhancements delivered by the ARP include:

All of those benefits continue to be available. The additional subsidies based on unemployment compensation continue through the end of 2021, while the other subsidy enhancements will be available through the end of 2022 (and possibly longer, if Congress extends them).

How popular are the ARP’s subsidy enhancements?

HHS reported last week that more than 2.5 million people had already enrolled in coverage during the COVID-related special enrollment period, and that another 2.6 million existing marketplace enrollees had activated their ARP subsidies.

Among all of the new enrollees, average after-subsidy premiums were just $85/month, as opposed to $117/month before the ARP’s subsidies became available. And across all of the new and renewing enrollees, about 35% had obtained coverage with after-subsidy premiums of less than $10/month.

That illustrates how substantial premium subsidies have become under the ARP. And again, nothing has changed about those subsidies: the special enrollment window has ended in most states, but the subsidies are still available if you’re eligible to enroll for the remainder of 2021 — and again during open enrollment for 2022, which starts November 1.

So if you’re in a state where enrollment is still open, or if you’re eligible for an individual special enrollment period in any state, it’s certainly in your best interest to see what plan options are available to you.

Enrolling as soon as you’re eligible will mean that you’re able to start taking advantage of the ARP’s subsidies right away, rather than having to wait for open enrollment and coverage that starts in 2022.

States where enrollment continues

Although the COVID SEP ended on August 15 in the states that use HealthCare.gov – and some of the states that run their own exchanges – enrollment is still actually ongoing in several states:

Enrollment if you have a qualifying life event

Not in one of those states? Special enrollment periods are available to individuals who experience a wide range of “life changes.” The most common trigger for a personal SEP is a loss of other coverage — usually job-based coverage.

(Note that there’s usually only a 60-day window to enroll in a new plan after losing other coverage. But HealthCare.gov is making an exception for people who lost their coverage as long ago as January 2020, if they missed their enrollment deadline because they were “impacted by the COVID-19 emergency.” People who need to utilize this flexibility have to call the marketplace directly to qualify for a special enrollment period on a case-by-case basis.)

In addition to a loss of coverage, there are also other situations in which you’ll qualify for a SEP. They include events such as the birth or adoption of a child, marriage (as long as at least one spouse already had minimum essential coverage), or even your grandmothered or grandfathered plan coming up for renewal.

More opportunities to enroll in ACA-compliant coverage

In addition to the states with ongoing COVID-related enrollment periods and the individual SEPs triggered by qualifying life events, there are other circumstances under which you might still be eligible to enroll in affordable health coverage:

Mark your calendar for 2022 open enrollment

If you don’t have an enrollment period now, be sure to mark your calendar for the start of open enrollment on November 1. That’s when you’ll be able to sign up for health coverage that will take effect in January, with coverage for essential health benefits and pre-existing conditions. During open enrollment, your medical history won’t matter, and neither will your coverage history.

And if you’re already enrolled in an ACA-compliant plan – or soon will be – you’ll still want to pay attention to open enrollment this fall. There are new insurers joining the marketplaces in many areas, which might have an unexpected effect on your premium subsidy. And even if you’re happy with the plan you have now, you might find that a different plan works better for the coming year.

Fortunately, the ARP’s subsidy enhancements will continue to be available for 2022. So if you’re eligible for subsidies – and most people are – your coverage for next year is likely to be quite affordable.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

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How new carriers in your marketplace could affect your coverage options

Recent news about individual-market health insurance has been largely centered around the American Rescue Plan and how it’s made coverage in 2021 much more affordable than it used to be. Now, as we approach ACA’s annual open enrollment period, it’s a good time to look ahead to what we can expect to happen with 2022 coverage.

Fortunately, the ARP’s enhanced subsidies will still be in effect in 2022 – and possibly longer, if Congress can agree on an extension. That means subsidies will continue to be larger than they used to be, and more widely available, including to households earning more than 400% of the poverty level.

For 2022 individual/family coverage, we’re seeing some wide variation in proposed and finalized rate changes across the country. Average rates will decrease in some areas and increase in others, with modest single-digit rate changes in most places.

(Since the ARP has eliminated the income cap for subsidy eligibility for 2021 and 2022, few enrollees will see these rate changes reflected in their actual premiums, since most enrollees get premium subsidies. But rate changes do affect the size of the subsidy amount, and that can result in changes for after-subsidy premiums, as explained below.)

Increased insurer participation in marketplaces continues

But we’re also seeing widespread continuation of the increasing insurer participation trend that’s been ongoing since 2019. In 2017 and 2018, insurers fled the ACA’s exchanges – or even the entire individual/family market. But that started to turn around in 2019, and insurer participation increased again in 2020 and 2021.

For 2022, that trend is continuing. Some big-name insurers that previously scaled back their marketplace participation are rejoining various marketplaces, and some smaller regional insurers are joining marketplaces or expanding their existing footprints.

Where are new carriers entering ACA’s marketplace for 2022?

Here’s a summary of some of the major individual/family insurers that are entering new markets for 2022:

More carriers = more plan options …

That’s in addition to numerous coverage area expansions by existing marketplace insurers in many states. Based on the rate filings that we’ve analyzed thus far, we anticipate that many  – if not most – marketplace enrollees will have more plan options available for 2022 than they had this year.

One of the goals of the ACA was to increase competition in the individual health insurance market. The exchanges are set up to facilitate that, with enrollees able to compare options from all of the participating insurers and select the plan that best fits their needs.

From that perspective, increasing insurer participation and competition in the exchange is good. And it does give people more plans from which to choose, which can also be a good thing. But too many choices can overwhelm applicants and result in poor decision making.

… and a new carrier could also affect premium subsidies

In addition to delivering more plan options, carriers expanding into an area might also affect premium subsidies in that area. How much effect will depend on how the new plans are priced in comparison with the existing plans – keeping in mind that rates change each year on January 1 regardless of whether any new insurers are entering the market.

Premium subsidy amounts are based on the cost of the benchmark plan in each area. But since that just refers to the second-lowest-cost Silver plan, it’s not necessarily the same plan from one year to the next. If a new insurer enters the market with low-priced plans, the insurer may undercut the current benchmark and take over the second-lowest-cost spot. If the premium is lower than the benchmark plan’s price would otherwise have been, the result is smaller premium subsidies for everyone in that area.

For people in that area who prefer to keep their existing plan (as opposed to switching to the new lower-cost options), this can result in an increase in after-subsidy premiums, since the subsidies are smaller than they would otherwise have been. We can see an example of this in the Phoenix area in 2019 and 2020, when new insurers entered the market with lower-priced plans that reduced the size of premium subsidies in the area.

To clarify, anything that reduces the cost of the benchmark premium will result in smaller subsidies. This can be a new lower-cost insurer entering the market, or existing insurers reducing their rates. An example of this can be seen in how after-subsidy premiums increased for many of Colorado’s exchange enrollees in 2020, when the state’s new reinsurance program reduced average pre-subsidy premiums by about 20%. The reduction helped unsubsidized enrollees (mostly those with incomes over the limit for subsidy eligibility, which has been removed at least through 2022) but resulted in higher net premiums for many enrollees who qualified for subsidies.

Although the vast majority of exchange enrollees do qualify for premium subsidies (especially now that the American Rescue Plan has eliminated the “subsidy cliff” for 2021 and 2022) some enrollees do not. For these enrollees, the introduction of a new insurer simply broadens their plan options, and does not affect their premiums unless they choose to switch to the new plan.

And of course, if the new insurer has plans that are priced higher than the existing benchmark plan, the carrier’s entry will not affect net premiums paid by subsidized enrollees.

Plan to compare your coverage options during open enrollment

It will be several weeks before all the details are clear in terms of rate changes and plan availability for 2022 coverage. But it appears that the trend of increasing competition in the exchanges will continue.

And although the American Rescue Plan’s enhanced subsidy structure will still be in place in 2022 – making subsidies larger and more widely available than they would otherwise have been – it’s still possible for a new insurer to disrupt the market and end up adjusting the size of premium subsidies in a given area.

Open enrollment for 2022 coverage will begin November 1. Actively comparing your options during open enrollment is always the best approach, and that’s especially true if a new insurer will be offering plans in your area. Letting your current plan auto-renew without comparison shopping is never in your best interest.

If a new insurer is joining the marketplace, you may find that its plans are a perfect fit for your needs. Or you might find that your best option is to switch to a different plan because your after-subsidy premiums are increasing due to the new insurer undercutting the price of the current benchmark plan. Switching plans might be a non-starter due to your provider network or drug formulary needs, but you won’t know for sure until you consider the various options that are available to you.

Ask a professional how a new carrier could impact your coverage

We have an overview of factors to keep in mind when you’re choosing a health plan, but it’s also worthwhile to seek out professional advice. Enrollment assistance is available from brokers, enrollment counselors, and Navigators.

Brokers are licensed and regulated by state insurance departments, and must also have certification from the exchange in order to help people enroll in health plans offered through the exchange. Training and testing are necessary in order to obtain the license and certification, and brokers must also complete ongoing continuing education in order to maintain their credentials.

Broker training encompasses a wide range of topics, including ethics, fraud prevention, evolving insurance laws and regulations, and health plan details. The training and regulatory oversight make brokers a reliable source of information and assistance with initial plan selections and enrollments as well as future issues that might arise as the health plan is utilized.

Navigators should be much more widely available this fall, as the Biden administration has allocated $80 million for this year’s Navigator grants in the states that use HealthCare.gov. (The previous high was $63 million in 2016; the Trump administration subsequently reduced it to $36 million in 2017 and to $10 million each year from 2018 through 2020.) The Biden administration has also proposed a return to expanded duties for Navigators, which would provide consumers with increased access to post-enrollment assistance with their coverage.

In short, enrollment assistance should be widely available this fall, and it’s in your best interest to use it. A recent report from Young Invincibles highlights the myriad ways that enrollment assisters help consumers – it’s more than just picking a plan.

Regardless of where you seek assistance, it won’t cost you anything – and a broker, Navigator, or enrollment counselor will be able to help you determine the impact of any new insurers that will be offering plans in your area for 2022, and help you make sense of the options available to you.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

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Longer enrollment tops list of proposed marketplace improvements

Each year, HHS issues a set of rules and guidelines that apply to the health insurance exchanges created by the Affordable Care Act, and to the health plans that are sold in the individual/family market. The rule-making process includes a proposed rule, a public comment period, and then a final rule. This is normally a fairly straightforward process, but it’s been more complicated for the upcoming 2022 plan year.

The Trump administration issued the proposed 2022 rules in late November last year, and finalized some of them in January, just before inauguration day. In May, the Biden administration finalized the rest of the proposed rule changes, but noted that they intended to propose a new set of rules, with a new public comment period, in order to revisit some of the changes that had been finalized by the outgoing administration.

In late June, the Biden administration published the new proposed rules, and opened a new public comment period that continued through July 28. A total of 341 comments were submitted, and are under review by HHS.

Some of the new proposals are direct reversals of the rule changes that the Trump administration had made. Others are new ideas that are designed to help more people gain access to affordable health insurance. For various provisions, HHS notes that there are pros and cons to the proposals they’re making, and are seeking public feedback before any rules are finalized.

As is always the case, some of the proposed rules are more “behind the scenes” and wouldn’t be particularly noticeable to consumers. But there are some that would directly affect consumers, mostly by making it easier to enroll in health coverage.

How about an extra month of open enrollment?

For the last several years, the standard open enrollment period has been set at November 1 – December 15. This is the schedule that’s used by HealthCare.gov (the exchange/marketplace in 36 states), although Washington, DC and 14 states run their own exchange platforms and most of them tend to extend open enrollment.

HHS has now proposed adding an extra month to open enrollment, so that it would continue through January 15 instead of ending in mid-December. If finalized, this rule change would take effect for the upcoming open enrollment period that starts in November, for coverage effective in 2022.

HHS clarifies that the intent here is to give people more time to enroll, and give enrollment assisters more time to help everyone who needs it. They also point out that some people don’t realize how much their premiums might change from one year to the next, and are caught off guard when they get their invoice in January. By that point, however, it’s normally too late to change plans, and people might end up dropping their coverage altogether if it’s become too expensive. By giving people until January 15 to enroll, there’s time for a “do-over” if a policy was allowed to auto-renew and then ended up being more expensive than expected.

On the other hand, HHS notes that when enrollment ends in mid-December, everyone has full-year coverage, with policies that take effect in January. If enrollment is extended until mid-January, some enrollees will have coverage that takes effect in February instead. Most of the state-run exchanges already offer this, but it would take additional outreach and communication to ensure that consumers are aware that they would still need to enroll by mid-December in order to have coverage in effect as of January 1.

Year-round enrollment for people with income up to 150% FPL

HHS has proposed an ongoing enrollment opportunity for applicants with household income that doesn’t exceed 150% of the federal poverty level. If finalized, this would allow eligible applicants to enroll in coverage at any time of the year. (Under current rules, enrollment outside of the normal open enrollment period requires a special enrollment period, triggered by a qualifying life event).

This enrollment opportunity would be offered through the federally run exchange (HealthCare.gov), and state-run exchanges would have the option to offer it. HHS has clarified that it’s uncertain whether this could be added as an option for the 2022 plan year. It might need to be delayed until 2023 to give health plan actuaries adequate time to prepare for this change.

The American Rescue Plan, enacted earlier this year, has enhanced the ACA’s premium tax credits (premium subsidies) for 2021 and 2022, providing more financial help for people who buy their own health insurance. As a result, households with income up to 150% of the federal poverty level are eligible for subsidies that fully cover the cost of the benchmark plan.

That means they can select either of the two lowest-cost Silver plans and have no monthly premium. (They will also tend to have access to a variety of premium-free Bronze plans, and possibly some premium-free Gold plans. But Silver plans are generally the best option for people in this income range, due to the robust cost-sharing reductions that come with Silver plans.)

HHS notes that the enhanced premium subsidies would help to prevent adverse selection, since most applicants with household income up to 150% of FPL would be able to enroll in Silver plans — with strong cost-sharing reductions — without premiums. This means that they would be unlikely to drop their coverage after receiving medical care, as they would not have to pay anything to keep the coverage in force. (This would be applicable for 2022, assuming the year-round enrollment option could be added for 2022. For 2023 and future years, the availability of zero-premium Silver plans will depend on whether Congress extends the American Rescue Plan’s subsidy enhancements.)

However, HHS does note that some enrollees with income up to 150% of FPL do have to pay at least minimal premiums for the benchmark plan. This includes people in states where additional services beyond essential health benefits are required to be covered (and thus the premium subsidy doesn’t cover the entire cost of the benchmark plan) as well as applicants who are subject to a tobacco surcharge.

And it’s also possible for a person earning up to 150% of FPL to purchase a Silver plan that’s more expensive than the benchmark plan, and thus have a monthly premium even after the subsidy is applied.

It’s possible that there could be some adverse selection among these populations, with enrollees potentially dropping their coverage or shifting to a lower-cost plan after their medical needs are resolved. HHS is seeking public comments about how to best approach this.

It’s worth noting that Medicaid and CHIP enrollment is already available year-round, as is Basic Health Program enrollment in the two states where it’s available. In most states, Medicaid is available to adults under age 65 with household income up to 138% of the poverty level. The income caps are higher for children to qualify for Medicaid, and CHIP is available to children (and in some cases, pregnant women) in many middle-class households.

So a family with low or modest income can obtain coverage year-round in most states — for the children, and possibly the adults. This is true even though many CHIP programs — and some Medicaid programs — charge premiums. Extending open enrollment to run year-round for subsidy-eligible applicants with household income up to 150% of the poverty level would essentially just be an expansion of the enrollment eligibility rules that already exist for lower-income households.

Including the ACA’s expansion of Medicaid, health insurance exchanges, and Basic Health Programs, ACA enrollment now encompasses about 10% of all Americans. But there are still millions of Americans — most of whom have fairly low incomes — who are uninsured and possibly unaware of the financial assistance that’s available to them. HHS is working to make coverage as accessible as possible to this population, and the proposed year-round enrollment window is part of that approach.

Standardized plans return to HealthCare.gov for 2023

Five years ago, HealthCare.gov debuted standardized health plans, dubbed “Simple Choice” plans. The idea was to make it easier for consumers to compare apples to apples when looking at multiple health insurance policy options.

The Trump administration finalized a rule change in 2018 that eliminated Simple Choice plans starting with the 2019 plan year. So HHS did not create standardized plan designs for the last few years.

The 2018 rule change that eliminated standardized plan designs on HealthCare.gov was vacated by a court ruling earlier this year, as were three other provisions of the 2018 rule. So HHS is starting the process of once again creating standardized plans and gathering public feedback on how to best proceed.

And earlier this month, President Biden issued a wide-ranging executive order aimed at promoting competition in the U.S. economy. One of its provisions calls for HHS to “implement standardized options in the national Health Insurance Marketplace and any other appropriate mechanisms to improve competition and consumer choice.”

When standardized plans were previously available in the federally run exchange, it was optional for insurers to offer them and insurers were also free to offer a variety of non-standardized plans. The specifics of their reintroduction are unclear at this point, but the proposed rules seem to indicate that the plans, which are expected to be available for the 2023 plan year, will continue to be optional for insurers.

Consumer protection rules

Some of the other proposed rule changes are designed to protect consumers, although their implementation might not be obvious.

Over the last few years, HHS had implemented several regulatory changes that would have eroded various consumer protections or created confusion in the marketplace. But these rules have either been blocked by the courts or had little in the way of interest from states. And now HHS has proposed a reversal of some of them:

  • Insurers are required to collect at least $1/month in premiums to cover the cost of non-Hyde abortion coverage if it’s offered by a health plan. Premium subsidies can’t cover this amount, and insurers must keep the funds segregated from the rest of the premiums they collect. But a previous rule change required insurers to actually send separate invoices for this amount. A judge blocked that rule last year before it took effect, noting that it would lead to widespread consumer confusion. And now HHS is proposing that the rule simply be eliminated altogether. Insurers would still have to segregate the premiums for abortion services, and they still cannot be covered by premium subsidies. But no separate invoice would be required.
  • The consumer protection guardrails for 1332 waivers were significantly relaxed in 2018. Few states had expressed interest in utilizing the new rules (the vast majority of 1332 waiver proposals have continued to be for reinsurance programs), but HHS is now proposing that the more stringent 1332 waiver guardrails be restored.
  • In January, the outgoing Trump administration finalized a program known as “Exchange Direct Enrollment,” designed to allow states to abandon their ACA-created exchanges altogether and rely instead on broker and insurer websites. (Note that this is not the same thing as enhanced direct enrollment, which continues to be an option utilized by dozens of enrollment entities.) HHS has now proposed eliminating the Exchange Direct Enrollment option. The public feedback on the Exchange Direct Enrollment program was almost entirely negative, and no states had expressed an interest in pursuing this idea. (Georgia had already received approval for a 1332 waiver utilizing this concept. That approval is now under review by the Biden administration.)

The final version of the new rules is expected to be published within the next few weeks. We won’t know the status of these proposed rule changes until then, but the proposed changes we’ve discussed here are fairly likely to be finalized, albeit with possible modifications based on public comments that HHS received.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

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Why you should care about the August 15 special enrollment deadline

This spring and summer, more than 2 million Americans have already flocked to the health insurance marketplaces in their states, enticed by larger health insurance subsidies during a one-time special enrollment period (SEP). This SEP was created to address the COVID-19 pandemic and allow people to take advantage of the extra subsidies created by the American Rescue Plan (ARP).

But this limited enrollment opportunity is about to end in most states.

There are a few state-run exchanges where the COVID-related SEP has already ended, and a few others where it extends past August 15. But in most of the country, August 15 is the last day to sign up for 2021 coverage without needing to show proof of a qualifying life event.

How many people bought individual health insurance during the SEP?

HHS reported that 2.1 million people had already enrolled in coverage under this SEP by the end of June. This is two to three times higher than typical enrollment volume during that time of year (when a qualifying event would normally be necessary).

And enrollment likely increased even more in July, when the additional subsidies were made available for people who had received unemployment compensation in 2021.

What happens when the SEP ends on August 15?

Once the COVID/American Rescue Plan special enrollment period ends in your state, regular individual-market enrollment rules will apply. This means that you’ll need a qualifying event in order to enroll in coverage with a 2021 effective date.

The next open enrollment opportunity will start nationwide on November 1, but that enrollment period will be for coverage that takes effect January 1, 2022.

Why review your coverage before the SEP deadline?

Even if you’re already enrolled in a health plan through the marketplace in your state and you’re happy with your coverage, you should take a few minutes to double check everything before the SEP ends.

You can update your account to make sure that you’re receiving the enhanced subsidy amount available under the ARP. And if you need to switch plans to best take advantage of that subsidy, now’s your chance to do so.

This could be the case, for example, if you’re newly eligible for cost-sharing reductions because you’ve received unemployment benefits this year. (You need to be enrolled in a Silver plan to receive that benefit.)

It could also be the case if you’re currently enrolled in a plan that costs less than your new subsidy amount. You might find that you can upgrade your coverage and still have minimal premiums each month.

One thing to note: Before you make a plan change, make sure you understand whether deductible and out-of-pocket amounts will transfer to the new plan. They probably will, as long as you stick with the same insurer.

If you’re enrolled through HealthCare.gov and you don’t update your account to activate the new subsidies, you should still see your subsidy amounts updated as of September. HHS will be updating accounts in August to align the ARP’s subsidy structure with the income amounts that enrollees had previously projected for 2021.

This will be helpful in terms of giving people more affordable coverage for the final few months of the year, as opposed to having to wait until tax season to claim the extra subsidy. But there will be no opportunity to change your 2021 coverage at that point, unless you have a qualifying event.

Why should you enroll now if you haven’t already?

Millions of Americans are already enrolled in health coverage through the exchanges. But there are still millions more who are uninsured or enrolled in non-ACA-compliant coverage such as short-term health plans or health care sharing ministry plans.

If that’s you or someone you know, the current enrollment period is an excellent opportunity to make the switch to comprehensive major medical health insurance. And chances are, it’ll be less expensive than you’re expecting, especially if it’s been a while since you checked your coverage options.

There are several reasons for this:

Will my premiums be higher if I wait until November?

The current SEP is for 2021 coverage, whereas the open enrollment period that starts in November will be for 2022 coverage. If you buy health coverage now, you’ll be locking in your premiums for the rest of this year.

In January 2022, your premium is likely to change, though we don’t yet have a clear picture of exactly how premiums will be changing. Across the states where rate filings have been made public, we’re seeing insurers proposing mostly single-digit rate increases, although there have also been some decreases and a handful of larger increases proposed.

But since most marketplace enrollees receive premium subsidies, changes in benchmark premium prices (and the related changes in subsidy amounts) will play a significant role in how much your net premiums change for 2022.

Should I enroll before the deadline if I’m uninsured?

If you’re uninsured, there’s no benefit to skipping coverage now and waiting for the start of open enrollment. That will just guarantee that you won’t have coverage in place until January, and your 2022 premium will be the same either way.

If a sudden and serious health condition were to arise while you’re uninsured, you would have no way to obtain coverage that starts before January 2022 unless you experience a qualifying event.

When will my coverage start if I enroll during the SEP?

As is always the case, your coverage won’t take effect immediately. If you enroll during the current SEP in most states, your plan will take effect the first of the following month.

How long will my coverage last if I enroll by the SEP deadline?

ACA-compliant individual/family health plans renew each year on January 1. This is true regardless of when you sign up for the plan. So if you’re enrolling during the current SEP, the specifics of your health plan – including the monthly premium – will remain the same through the end of December. (Note that your after-subsidy monthly premium could change if your income changes later in the year.)

At that point, your plan will likely be available for renewal for 2022, but the premiums and the coverage details might change. So for example, the deductible and out-of-pocket limit might change, and your premium will almost certainly change – due to both the change in your own plan’s premium, as well as changes to your subsidy amount caused by fluctuations in the benchmark premium amount in your area.

If I enroll now, do I need to enroll again in November?

In most cases, coverage will auto-renew if you don’t log back into your account during the fall open enrollment to manually pick your coverage for 2022. But for a variety of reasons, auto-renewal is not in your best interest.

Instead, you should plan to spend at least a few minutes this fall comparing your options for 2022. Even though the open enrollment window is just around the corner (it starts November 1) the options for 2022 might be very different from what you’re seeing right now for the rest of 2021. Insurers are joining the marketplaces in many states, and existing insurers are expanding their coverage areas.

That can affect plan availability as well as subsidy amounts, so you’ll want to plan to spend some time reconsidering your options for 2022.

Is there any way to enroll in 2021 coverage after August 15?

In California, DC, New Jersey, New York, and Vermont, the COVID-related special enrollment period is already scheduled to extend past August 15. (In Vermont, this applies to uninsured residents. Current enrollees who wish to switch plans must do so by August 15.) But even in those states, it’s in your best interest to enroll sooner rather than later, in order to take advantage of the enhanced subsidies that are available under the American Rescue Plan.

After August 15, in most states, you’ll need a qualifying event to be able to sign up for coverage that starts prior to January 2022. You’ll have access to open enrollment this fall, but that coverage won’t take effect until January, even if you enroll right away on November 1.

What do I need to do if I’m getting a COBRA subsidy?

The American Rescue Plan’s COBRA subsidy continues through the end of September. Assuming your COBRA or state continuation coverage is eligible to continue past that date, you’ll have the option to keep it by paying the full premiums yourself as of October, or switch to a self-purchased individual/family plan instead.

If you want to switch to a self-purchased plan, you can enroll in a plan in the marketplace in September and have your new coverage take effect seamlessly on October 1. Although the COVID-related special enrollment period will have ended by that point, you’ll be eligible for a special enrollment period triggered by the termination of the COBRA subsidy.

If you’re choosing to switch to a new plan when the COBRA subsidy ends, you’ll want to pay close attention to details regarding any deductible and out-of-pocket costs you’ve accumulated this year. As a general rule, you should assume that those will reset to $0 when you switch to an individual market plan. But it’s possible that your insurer might allow you to transfer them if you switch to an individual plan offered by the same insurer that provides your group coverage.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

 

The post Why you should care about the August 15 special enrollment deadline appeared first on healthinsurance.org.

Biden administration announces three-month special enrollment period

This morning, the White House announced that today, President Biden will sign two highly anticipated executive orders related to healthcare. The first is aimed at strengthening Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act, and will include a provision to create a COVID-related special enrollment period (SEP) on HealthCare.gov, for Americans who don’t currently have health coverage. State officials, insurers, and consumer advocates repeatedly asked the Trump administration for a COVID-related special enrollment period in 2020, but to no avail. (Almost all of the state-run exchanges did open COVID-related SEPs in 2020.)

When will the HealthCare.gov special enrollment period start?

The special enrollment period will run from February 15 to May 15, giving uninsured Americans three months in which to pick a health plan, even if they don’t otherwise have a qualifying event.

Who can use the COVID special enrollment period on HealthCare.gov?

This window is expected to be aimed at Americans who are uninsured, much like the COVID-related special enrollment periods that had already been announced in Maryland, Massachusetts, and New York. But the COVID-related SEP in Massachusetts also applies to people who have COBRA and would prefer to drop it and switch to a plan offered through the marketplace – it’s possible that the SEP on HealthCare.gov could be extended to populations like that as well.

Americans are technically considered uninsured if they have coverage under short-term health plans, Farm Bureau non-insurance plans, fixed indemnity plans, healthcare sharing ministry plans, direct primary care plans, and other similar types of coverage, since none of those are considered minimum essential coverage. So people with these types of coverage will be able to use the COVID special enrollment period on HealthCare.gov. And again, it’s also possible that this window could be extended to other groups as well, including those who have COBRA or state continuation coverage after a recent job loss.

Will state-run marketplaces also offer a special enrollment period for uninsured residents?

HealthCare.gov is used in 36 states, and the COVID SEP will apply in all of them. But it’s also likely that many of the state-run exchanges – in addition to Massachusetts, Maryland, and New York – could follow suit. Colorado’s exchange announced today that they’ll open a special enrollment period for uninsured residents, which will run from February 8 through May 15, and Washington’s exchange announced a special enrollment period, with the same dates that HealthCare.gov will use, for “anyone seeking health insurance coverage.”

Last month, insurance commissioners from 11 states sent a letter to President Biden, encouraging him to take various actions to improve access to health coverage and care. Opening a special enrollment period was among their recommendations, along with “restoring outreach funding, restoring flexibility on eligibility rules like failure to reconcile, and immediately revoking public charge rules.”

The insurance commissioners who wrote the letter – six of whom represent states that run their own exchanges (California, Colorado, Minnesota, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Washington) – further noted that

“many of our states run our own state-based marketplaces and we would like to work with you to ensure that any effort to encourage marketplace enrollment is truly national and therefore inclusive of state-based marketplaces, in addition to HealthCare.gov. We ask you, as soon as possible, to coordinate with state-based marketplaces on the timing of any SEP, the messaging you intend to use, and key strategies you will employ to reach the uninsured so that we can align our plans with yours.”

So it’s quite likely that many of the remaining state-based marketplaces will open COVID-related SEPs this spring, allowing uninsured residents another opportunity to sign up for health coverage.

How can I get coverage between now and February 15?

If you’re uninsured and not in one of the states where open enrollment for 2021 plans is ongoing until the end of January, your options for getting coverage before the new special enrollment period will be limited.

But you likely do still have at least some options, as outlined here. If you’re eligible for Medicaid or CHIP, enrollment continues year-round, with coverage that can take effect immediately or even retroactively. Otherwise, you may have to consider a plan that’s not regulated by the Affordable Care Act, such as a short-term plan or health care sharing ministry, to tide you over until you can enroll in a plan through the marketplace.

What else will the executive orders do?

The special enrollment period for uninsured Americans is generating headlines and will be available in just a couple of weeks. But the executive order is expected to direct federal agencies to consider a variety of other reforms, which could have far more significant impact.

Among the most likely are

The second executive order will be aimed at protecting women’s health in America and around the world, including ensuring access to all necessary reproductive health care. It’s expected to rescind the global gag rule (Mexico City Policy), which blocks U.S. funding for international non-profits that provide women with abortion counseling or referrals. The rule was first implemented in the 80s and has been rescinded and reinstated several times under different administrations.

It’s also expected that the women’s health executive order will direct federal agencies to reconsider the Trump administration rule that eliminated federal funding for Planned Parenthood and other abortion providers.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

The post Biden administration announces three-month special enrollment period appeared first on healthinsurance.org.

Biden administration announces COVID-related special enrollment period

Today, President Biden signed two highly anticipated executive orders related to healthcare. The first is aimed at strengthening Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act, and directs HHS to consider creating a COVID-related special enrollment period (SEP) on HealthCare.gov. The Biden administration has also committed $50 million to outreach and education, in order to make people aware of the enrollment opportunity and the extensive financial assistance that’s available to help offset the cost of coverage and care.

State officials, insurers, and consumer advocates had repeatedly asked the Trump administration for a COVID-related special enrollment period in 2020, but to no avail. (Almost all of the state-run exchanges did open COVID-related SEPs in 2020.)

When will the HealthCare.gov special enrollment period start?

The special enrollment period runs from February 15 to August 15, giving people six months in which to pick a health plan, even if they don’t otherwise have a qualifying event (edit: this is an extension; the window was initially slated to end May 15, 2021, but was subsequently extended to August 15).

Who can use the COVID special enrollment period on HealthCare.gov?

Anyone who is eligible to use the marketplace can enroll during this special enrollment period. This includes people who are uninsured, under-insured, or already enrolled in a plan through the marketplace and wanting to switch to a different plan.

Previously, it was expected that this new special enrollment window would be aimed at Americans who are uninsured, much like the COVID-related special enrollment periods that had already been announced in the District of Columbia, Maryland, Massachusetts, and New York (the SEP in Massachusetts also applies to people who have COBRA and would prefer to drop it and switch to a plan offered through the marketplace). But when CMS published the details of the SEP, it was clear that they wanted to cast a wide net, making the special enrollment period available for those who are without coverage, but also for current marketplace enrollees.

They’ve clarified that “current enrollees will be able to change to any available plan in their area without restriction to the same level of coverage as their current plan.” They also note that “consumers won’t need to provide any documentation of a qualifying event (e.g., loss of a job or birth of a child), which is typically required for SEP eligibility.”

So regardless of whether you’ve got no coverage at all, are already enrolled in a plan through HealthCare.gov, or have coverage under something like a short-term health plan, Farm Bureau non-insurance plan, fixed indemnity plan, healthcare sharing ministry plan, direct primary care plan, or other similar types of coverage, you’ll be able to use HealthCare.gov to sign up for coverage during this window.

Are state-run marketplaces also offering a special enrollment period for uninsured residents?

HealthCare.gov is used in 36 states, and the COVID SEP applies in all of them. But all of the state-run exchanges have followed suit (in addition to DC, Massachusetts, Maryland, and New York, which had already announced COVID-related special enrollment periods). Here’s a summary of the COVID-related special enrollment periods in states that run their own exchanges (note that this list has been updated over time, as more state-run exchanges announce special enrollment periods):

Some of these enrollment windows apply only to uninsured residents, while others apply to anyone eligible to use the marketplace, including people who already have coverage and want to switch to a new plan.

Last month, insurance commissioners from 11 states sent a letter to President Biden, encouraging him to take various actions to improve access to health coverage and care. Opening a special enrollment period was among their recommendations, along with “restoring outreach funding, restoring flexibility on eligibility rules like failure to reconcile, and immediately revoking public charge rules.”

The insurance commissioners who wrote the letter – some whom represent states that run their own exchanges – further noted that

“many of our states run our own state-based marketplaces and we would like to work with you to ensure that any effort to encourage marketplace enrollment is truly national and therefore inclusive of state-based marketplaces, in addition to HealthCare.gov. We ask you, as soon as possible, to coordinate with state-based marketplaces on the timing of any SEP, the messaging you intend to use, and key strategies you will employ to reach the uninsured so that we can align our plans with yours.”

And the CMS press release notes that the administration “strongly encourages states operating their own Marketplace platforms to make a similar enrollment opportunity available to consumers in their states.” As of early February, only three state-run exchanges had not announced COVID-related special enrollment periods (edit: all three had announced COVID-related enrollment periods by mid-February; there are COVID-related enrollment periods nationwide, although the rules and deadlines vary a bit in some states).

How can I get coverage after the COVID-related enrollment period ends?

If you’re uninsured and don’t enroll during the COVID-related enrollment period in your state, your options for getting coverage for the remainder of 2021 will be limited.

But you likely do still have at least some options, as outlined here. If you’re eligible for Medicaid or CHIP, enrollment continues year-round, with coverage that can take effect immediately or even retroactively. Otherwise, you may have to consider a plan that’s not regulated by the Affordable Care Act, such as a short-term plan or health care sharing ministry, to tide you over until you can enroll in a plan through the marketplace.

What else will the executive orders do?

The special enrollment period for uninsured Americans is generating headlines and will be available in just a couple of weeks. But the executive order is expected to direct federal agencies to consider a variety of other reforms, which could have far more significant impact.

Among the most likely are

The second executive order is aimed at protecting women’s health in America and around the world, including ensuring access to all necessary reproductive health care. It rescinded the global gag rule (Mexico City Policy), which blocked U.S. funding for international non-profits that provide women with abortion counseling or referrals. The rule was first implemented in the 80s and has been rescinded and reinstated several times under different administrations.

The women’s health executive order also directs federal agencies to reconsider the Trump administration rule that eliminated federal funding for Planned Parenthood and other abortion providers.

Louise Norris is an individual health insurance broker who has been writing about health insurance and health reform since 2006. She has written dozens of opinions and educational pieces about the Affordable Care Act for healthinsurance.org. Her state health exchange updates are regularly cited by media who cover health reform and by other health insurance experts.

The post Biden administration announces COVID-related special enrollment period appeared first on healthinsurance.org.

 

Maddox Insurance Agency

Insurance Agency in Memphis, Tennessee

Main Office

2151 Courtland Place | Memphis, TN 38104

Licensed in Tennessee, Mississippi & Arkansas

Contact

Phone: (901) 335-0154
Fax: (901) 255-9141

Lee.Maddox@maddoxinsured.com

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